These white papers provide the evidence base behind Voltvert's approach. Each paper is independently structured and citable. They address thermostat physics, sensor reliability, maintenance economics, energy certification gaps, and field data from Mediterranean climate properties.
A physics-driven and evidence-based framework explaining how and why thermostat setpoint influences electricity consumption in split AC systems, and how runtime control compounds the effect. Each 1°C rise in setpoint yields 10.7–13.5% savings.
26% of EU households cannot keep comfortably cool in summer. EU residential cooling demand reached 140 TWh in 2024, with 40% of distribution grid infrastructure over 40 years old. This paper examines the intersection of rising cooling need, ageing grids, and what rental operators can do now — without replacing a single AC unit.
An empirical comparison of runtime-based control and occupancy sensor systems for reducing AC energy waste. Runtime control outperformed occupancy sensing on both cost reduction and guest satisfaction across 48 properties over one full summer season.
A dirty coil adds €58–122 per unit per season in electricity, grows biofilm guests can smell, and accelerates the compressor failures that cost ten times more to fix. This paper quantifies the full cost loop — and explains why runtime control slows the return to dirty.
How uncontrolled AC runtime in rental properties accelerates compressor wear, shortens unit lifespan, and increases maintenance frequency — and how runtime control reverses this pattern.
Why the Energy Efficiency Certificate mandatory across Spain and the EU does not predict actual electricity costs — and what actually determines energy spend in short-term rental accommodation.
A synthesis of European policy guidance, Spanish public-sector recommendations, manufacturer data, and field measurements quantifying the relationship between setpoint temperature and electricity consumption in Mediterranean climate conditions.
How temperature misuse and uncontrolled runtime drive electricity costs in rental properties, with quantified estimates of avoidable spend and an evidence-based framework for cost reduction.
Worked financial scenarios for a flat (3 units) and villa (5 units): what uncontrolled guest AC behaviour costs per season, what Voltvert saves, and the payback case at current European electricity prices.